ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antimicrobial activity of Tetrodotoxin extracted from liver, skin and muscles of puffer fish, Lagocephalus sceleratus inhabiting Mediterranean Sea, Egypt
Crude Tetrodotoxin (TTX) extracts of liver, skin and muscles which isolated from Puffer fish, Lagocephalus sceleratus (L. sceleratus) were tested for their antimicrobial activity besides TTX levels (µg/g) using LC–MS–MS (Liquid Chromatograph / mass spectrometry) in cold and warm season and TTX identification by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatograph), TLC (Thin Layer Chromatograph) and UV spectrum (Ultra Violet spectrophotometer). The results obtained showed interesting antibacterial and antifungal activity against Crude extracts of TTX isolated from liver, skin and muscles of L. sceleratus. The crude TTX of liver extract showed quite promising broad-spectrum antibacterial activity due to its capacity to inhibit the growth of almost bacterial tested strains. It has shown the maximum activity against Escherichia coli as 22.24 ± 0.96 in gram negative bacteria and Bacillus subtilis as 17.51 ± 0.51 in gram positive bacteria and minimum activity against Vibiro cholerae as 9.22 ± 0.65. The maximum antifungal activity was observed to crude TTX of liver extract against Aspergillus fumigatus as 19.21 ± 0.59 and minimum activity against Trichophyton rubrum as 5.33 ± 0.52 in crude TTX of skin extract. Changes in the levels of TTX in the livers, skins and muscles as a function of season and sex were determined. The highest TTX levels in livers, skins and muscles of female fish were 30.33, 3.38 and 2.26 µg/g, respectively in winter. The TTX level in the muscle of male fish in summer was 0.66µg/g but was otherwise below the toxic limit. Consequently, it can be dangerous to consume puffer fish, including the edible muscle, from Mediterranean Sea. The present investigations have helped to focus on some bioactive toxins isolated from marine resources; these molecules, which possess antimicrobial activities, could be used for human and TTX levels in relationship to season and sex of L. sceleratus in the Mediterranean Sea, Egypt.
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_34587_9d260850f3080e6c77efa04370a68403.pdf
2017-10-01
2
10
10.21608/jcbr.2019.34587
Puffer fish
Lagocephalus sceleratus – Tetrodotoxin
antimicrobial activity
Ahmed
Alabssawy
ahmed_alabssawy@yahoo.com
1
Marine Science & Fishes Branch, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
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31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities of carotenoid extracted from Erugosquilla massavensis and Procambarus clarkii exoskeletons
The present study was carried out on both marine and fresh water edible crustaceans namely; Erugosquilla massavensis and Procambarus clarkii, respectively, which are predominant in the local aquatic fauna in Egypt. The present study was conducted to determine the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenolic, total flavonoid and carotenoid content in muscle and exoskeleton of E. massavensis and P. clarkii crustaceans. The study also evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumor activities of the carotenoid extracted from these species. The results showed that TAC, phenolic and flavonoid contents in both muscle and exoskeleton of E. massavensis are higher than those contents in P. clarkii. The results showed also that the carotenoid content extracted from the males and females exoskeleton of E. massavensis are higher than those of males and females of P. clarkii. The antioxidant activity of carotenoid extracted from male and female of P. clarkii showed higher activity than those extracted from E. massavensis. By contrast, carotenoids extracted from females and males of E. massavensis showed higher antimicrobial activity than those of females and males P. clarkii. The carotenoid extract shows relatively weak antitumor activity in vitro against the Earlich cell lines. In conclusion, both of E. massavensis and P. clarkii have a bioactive compound with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_37750_b2eab2dddf218c95e39afc85dfe622d2.pdf
2017-10-01
11
20
10.21608/jcbr.2017.37750
antioxidant
Antimicrobial
Anticancer
Carotenoids
Erugosquilla massavensis
Procambarus clarkii
Gihan
Elkhodary
gihankhodary@hotmail.com
1
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Doha
Beltagy
2
Divisions of Biochemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
AUTHOR
Noha
Samak
3
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
AUTHOR
Karolin
Abdul- aziz
4
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Mona
5
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Relationship between Locus of Control Belief and IL-6 in Breast Cancer Patients
Recent studies indicated to the immune disturbances in cancer patients in comparison with healthy individuals. Several studies suggested that individuals with external locus of control (E-LOC) have more symptoms of depression. Other studies indicated to the effective role of psychological status on the immune system. The association between E-LOC and immunity in cancer patients it is not clear. Study the relation between Rotter internal-external locus of control (I-E LOC) and God health locus of control (GHLC) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in breast cancer patients. The study included hundred breast cancer patients and fifty healthy controls. Patients and participators responded to I-E LOC and GHLC questionnaires. Peripheral blood samples were collected to measure gene expression of IL-6 by using real time PCR. Breast cancer patients showed higher GHLC which was associated with higher level of IL-6 as compared to control subjects. By contrast, a significant inverse correlation between GHLC and IL-6 was found. However, there was no relationship between I-E LOC and IL-6. The results suggest no significant effect of LOC belief according to life on immune response against cancer, but high GHLC belief correlate with decreased IL-6. Further studies on the relations between other types of LOC and immune response in breast cancer is recommended.
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_34733_c66e4ad39c7bdb2f4b56e0d31a1e4801.pdf
2017-10-01
21
24
10.21608/jcbr.2019.34733
Locus of Control
breast cancer
IL-6
Azza
EL-Amir
azzaelamir@yahoo.com
1
Immunology Division, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed
Salem
cecr@unv.tanta.edu.eg
2
Immunology and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Noha
Sabry
3
Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Eman
EL-Baiomy
4
Immunology Division, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Nehal
EL-Mashad
5
Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analysis of Micro RNA 29, 122 and 155 Gene Expression in Immune Cells of Egyptian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Infected patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) showed high numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) which are known to suppress the immune response. Given that microRNAs regulate the expression of many genes, it is important to test whether MDSCs correlate with altered miRNA expression. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the expression of miR-29, 122 and 155 in chronic HCV patients under interferon (IFN) therapy and their correlation with the frequency of MDCS. A total of 28 subjects, including eighteen chronic HCV patients, and 10 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. MiR-29, 122 and 155 were evaluated using real-time- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Flow cytometric analysis was performed to evaluate the MDSCs which defined as Lin-HLA-DR- CD33+ CD11b+. Results: miR-29 and 122 expressions in HCV patients showed significant decrease when compared to their control. However, there was an increase (but non-significance) in miR-155 in HCV patients than control subjects. Both relative and absolute numbers of MDSCs were increased in the peripheral blood in HCV patients as compared to control subjects. Moreover, non- significance change in IFNα/β receptors was observed in HCV patients as compared to control subjects. Conclusion: High numbers of MDSCs in chronic HCV patients correlate with low expression of miR-29 and122
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_34736_5edad8a984724ef06535a05d9d28c74e.pdf
2017-10-01
25
32
10.21608/jcbr.2019.34736
Micro RNA
Gene expression
Egyptian patients
HCV
MDSCs
Mohamed
Salem
cecr@unv.tanta.edu.eg
1
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sabry
El-Naggar
2
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Abdel-Aziz
Zidan
a.zidan@sci.dmu.edu.eg
3
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhur University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Hasan
Elbatei
4
Faculty of Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ezar
Hamed
5
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Hossam
Hamada
6
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
AUTHOR