2024-03-29T08:57:29Z
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=23533
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Biochemical Oncology for Personalized and Precision Medicine
Prof.Nadia
Hamdy
2030). Chemotherapy normo-toxicity as well as multidrug cancer cell resistance raise the debate of “Die Another Day” or “Die Another Way”. This mandates identification of chemo-preventive and/or chemo therapeutic agent(s) that can target most, if not all, “Cancer Hallmarks”, translated into “Drug-Resistance Hallmarks”, in a way that regulates the proliferation of unwanted cancer cells, with minimal side effects or multi-organ toxicity, with prolonged overall survival. This can be achieved via cutting-edge research such as site-specific delivery cargos, specific rocket targeting using nanotechnology, the use of natural compounds and drug repurposing. This would achieve a green environment in drug design and development, which is the central focus of “Biochemical Oncology Field” for cancer management. This includes cell signaling pathways, maintaining a balance between cell proliferation and death, stemness of cancer cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, dysregulation of the cell cycle, tyrosine kinase growth factor signaling pathways. Understanding of these biochemical signatures in cancer would open a new avenue to control altered drug metabolism, featured by “Tumor Micro-Environment”. Keeping in mind, first, that no single drug can target all cancer hallmarks, affect drug metabolism, drug resistance. Second, no single treatment can target all cancer types or can fit all cancer patients or even one patient with a variety of concomitant diseases or different environmental stressors! Hence, the design and production of chemo-preventive agents acting on these particular molecular targets are of great interest for cancer treatment personalization and precision medicine (Figure 1).
Precision Medicine
Multi drug resistance
Drug design
Nanotechnology
Drug targeting
2021
03
01
0
0
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_160504_b0bb51338a9f616f50bc097772500b72.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
An Overview on the First Wave of COVID-19 from February to October 2020 in Arab World
Sabry
El-Naggar
Karim
El-Said
Wesam
Meshrif
Ahmed
Abdelsadik
Mohamed
Ageba
Eman
El-Ghohary
Khloud
Abu-Anber
Mostafa
El-Sheekh
The world faces a severe challenge to fight COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV- 2. Millions of calls for medical help were reported due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Till now, no fixed protocols are known to cure this virus, therefore novel procedures and technologies have been made to avoid infection and death. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the coronaviruses, which caused several epidemics in the past. Coronavirus started to invade the world from Wuhan until the present time causing fatal human and economic damages. Given that coronavirus spread in the world in a short time with high severity, the World Health Organization announced that coronavirus is a world pandemic on March 11th, 2020. This review article highlights the prevalence and mortality of COVID-19 in the Arab countries during the first wave from February to October 2020. We analyzed the data that were registered monthly in all Arab countries and calculated the indices using correlation analysis. In addition, we discussed the possible routes of infection, clinical symptoms, and biochemical alternation post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, the susceptibility of diabetic patients, immunity against SARS-CoV-2, and new approaches for the treatment of COVID-19. The presented information about COVID-19 in Arab countries can be of help to policymakers, epidemiologists, and medical specialists.
diabetes
insect
outbreak
SARS-CoV-2
Treatment
2021
03
01
1
14
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_158664_55821494943a9bd12fafc108c6cbc27f.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Assessment of PD-L1 and p53 expression in urinary bladder carcinoma: Association with different clinicopathologic characteristics
Nehal
Heabah
Asmaa
Bedeer
Background: Urinary bladder carcinoma is the most common urologic malignancy that includes phenotypically and genotypically diverse tumors. The development of new treatment modalities is essential to improve the outcomes and increase the overall survival of urinary bladder carcinoma patients’. Among these modalities, comes the PD-L1 inhibitors, as promising immunotherapy. P53 may also play a role in these treatment strategies. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate PD-L1 and p53 expression in urinary bladder carcinoma, and its available variants, and relate PD-L1 and p53 expression to each other and the available clinicopathological features. Materials and methods: This study included 60 cases of urinary bladder carcinoma, with no history of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, classified as follows: 32 cases of urothelial carcinoma, 25 squamous cell carcinomas, and 3 adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemical staining of all cases using PD-L1 and p53 was done. Results: Positive PD-L1 expression was detected in 51.7% of all cases. PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with the histopathological types, high tumor grade and muscle invasion. High p53 expression was detected in 50% of the studied cases. P53 expression was significantly associated with high tumor grade, advanced stage, vascular invasion and lymph node metastasis. PD-L1 and p53 co-expression was detected in 33.3% of the cases. PD-L1 positivity was significantly associated with p53 expression. Conclusions: PD-L1 and p53 could be considered as predicting biomarkers for aggressive bladder carcinoma and their immunohistochemical expression may aid in identifying suitable patients for target therapy.
immune checkpoints
p53
PD-L1
Urinary Bladder Carcinoma
2021
03
01
15
26
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_111014_df53496bf3eeea75fd0de78e6d3e272a.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Protective efficiency of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) against oxidative stress, DNA damage and nephrotoxicity induced with anti- tuberculosis drugs
Mahmoud
Ashry
Ismail
Atia
Fatma
Morsy
wael
Elmashad
Background: Tuberculosis has been seen worldwide as a serious disease, one of the most adverse side effects of main anti-tuberculosis drugs is nephrotoxicity. Aim: the purpose of this research was planned To investigate the nephroprotective ability of aqueous parsley extract against Isoniazid® and Rifampicin®-induced nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Adult male Wistar albino rats weighted (140-160) and they were divided randomly into four groups: 1) normal rats as a control group, 2) rats administrated with parsley extract (250 mg/kg/day), 3) rats received Isoniazid® and Rifampicin® (50 &100 mg/kg/day), and 4) rats treated with Isoniazid® and Rifampicin® In association with the extract of parsley. Results: The results showed, after six weeks, that parsley extract minimized the Isoniazid® and Rifampicin®- induced renal deterioration; This was shown by a significant decrease in serum levels of urea, creatinine, uric acid, TNF-α, IL-1β and Na+ as well as kidney MDA, nitric oxide and DNA damages. This was coupled with a significant improvement in serum calcium and K+ levels and kidney GSH and SOD activity. In addition, the histopathological results indicated that the extract succeeded in the prevention of Isoniazid® and Rifampicin® induced tissue degenerations. Conclusion: In conclusion, parsley extract may be as promising as nephroprotection against Isoniazid® and Rifampicin® nephrotoxicity through their antioxidant and radical scavenging activities.
Nephrotoxicity
Isoniazid®
Rifampicin®
DNA fragmentation
Parsley
Rats
2021
03
01
27
36
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_158657_cc2adbb7ade122ba20f3f0218e2fe470.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Blocking angiotensin pathway induces anti-fibrotic effects in a mouse model of schistosomiasis by decreasing egg burden and granulomatous reaction
Heba
El-Barabry
Lotfy
Habbak
Basem
Mansour
Mona
Youssef
Amira
Taman
Mohamed
Salem
Background: Schistosoma mansoni infection is associated with hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension. Previous studies reported that blocking some components of rennin angiotensin system can ameliorate the liver pathology induced by S. mansoni infection. Aim: The present study investigated the potential effect of losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, on hepatic fibrosis caused by S. mansoni in a murine model. Materials and Methods: S. mansoni-infected mice were treated at week 5 after infection with losartan, enalapril, or their combination. A group of infected mice was treated with the reference drug praziquantel (PZQ) as controls. Parasitological and histological parameters were investigated. Results: Our results showed that when compared with enalapril, treatment with losartan alone caused a considerable decrease in liver index (28.92% versus 25.09%), spleen index (47.19% versus 37.08%), worm burden (38.7% versus 24.8%), hepatic tissue egg load (62.7% versus 54%), granuloma size (40.4% versus 29.4%) and fibrosis (48.7% versus 29.4%). The combination of losartan and enalapril did not produce a more pronounced effect than those of losartan. Conclusion: Our results suggest the promising effect of enalapril and losartan in amelioration of hepatic pathology but further studies to determine their effects in combination with other antischistosomal agents such as praziquantel are recommended.
angiotensin
docking
fibrosis
Liver
Schistosoma mansoni
2021
03
01
37
48
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_158661_1ff9f60b9fb6062aad5204c0efa4868b.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Farming and pastoral systems shape the physiological and immunological indices of the dromedary she-camels
Asmaa
Atta
Ibrahim
El-Shourbagy
Hamdy
Gawish
Hassan
El-Metwaly
Fawzy
Younis
Mohamed
Salem
Background: Camel (Camelus dromedarius) is a vital animal to the daily life of the desert as a source of food and transportation, its milk is used as medicine for diverse ailments. Aim: This study was planned to evaluate the effect of two different feeding systems (farming and pastoral systems) on physiological and immunological indices of one-humped dromedary she-camels during different physiological stages. Material and methods: Forty female camels under farm and grazing systems were used from the Camel Experimental Flock in Matrouh (farming system) and Bedouin flock in a grazing unit in the same area (pastoral system). Blood samples were collected during different physiological stages to determine the desired parameters. Results: It was revealed that lymphocytes significantly increased in grazing camels as compared to farm ones. Leukocytes significantly increased in post-partum and lactation than other camels. The number of RBCs increased significantly in pregnant and lactating than other camels. Albumin increased significantly in pregnant and lactating camels and decreased in dry and post-partum. Results showed a significant increase in blood lipids including total lipids, phospholipids, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins in farm camels compared to grazing ones. Lactating and pregnant camels showed a significant increase in cholesterol compared to dry and post-partum. In lactating camels, insulin significantly increased compared to other groups. But, cortisol significantly increased in post-partum camels. Conclusion: Farm camels show better physiological and immunological profiles than grazing ones reflect the importance of supplementary feeding especially during pregnancy and lactation.
camel
feeding
physiological status
hematology
biochemical
2021
03
01
49
63
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_160487_a0660430440a1069701f2c72724d9db3.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
O6-MethylGuanine-DNA Methyltransferase (MGMT) Promoter Methylation Status Analysis in High-Grade Gliomas
Hoda
Ibrahim
Amgad
Matter
Azza
Abdel-Aziz
Fouad
Badr
Eman
Abdel-Moemen
Background: The O6-methylguanine- DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene is frequently silenced by promoter hypermethylation in malignant gliomas and this has been pinpointed as an epigenetic mechanism reducing MGMT expression levels. The status of MGMT promoter hypermethylation and its relation to tumor progression in gliomas is under extensive study and previous studies have shown conflicting results on the significance of this epigenetic biomarker in relation to the tumor phenotype and clinical outcome. So, in our study, we assessed the role of the epigenetic biomarker; MGMT promoter methylation status, in high-grade glioma patients and correlated the results with the tumor phenotype and clinical outcome. Methods: The study included 40 high-grade glioma patients, assessed for MGMT promoter methylation status using methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and correlated the results with clinico-histopathological parameters and survival using appropriate statistical methodologies. Results: MGMT promoter methylation analysis revealed 65% of patients with the methylated promoter and 35% with unmethylated ones with no significant prognostic or predictive implications related to different treatment modalities (surgical, chemotherapy or radiation), recurrence rate, or overall survival. Conclusion: MGMT promoter methylation status role is not definitive in directing high-grade glioma patients’ clinical decision making. Further studies are needed for investigating its role as an epigenetic marker in high-grade gliomas in Egyptian patients.
Alkylating agents
DNA Methylation
Epigenetics
gliomas
MGMT Promoter
2021
03
01
65
74
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_114329_72bf153fc4e2c723571c354729f4b000.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Synergistic and chemosensitizing effects of bovine lactoferrin or muramyl dipeptide in Ehrlich solid tumor-bearing mice treated with cisplatin
Dalia
Morsi
Mohamed
Salem
Hany
Ibrahim
Gamalat
Osman
Azza
Mohamed
Amany
Nofal
Background: Despite the effectiveness of anti-cancer chemotherapy, it is associated with serious adverse side effects and the development of drug-resistance mechanisms. Immune dysfunction is considered one of the most serious adverse effects of anti-cancer chemotherapy, which increases the susceptibility of the patients to infection. Co-administration of immunomodulatory agents as adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy will result in better anti-tumor responses with fewer side effects. Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative effects of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) and muramyl dipeptide (MDP) against toxicity induced by cisplatin in tumor-bearing mice. Materials and Methods: In this study, MDP or bLF was co-treated with cisplatin in mice bearing Ehrlich solid tumor (EST). Results: Co- treatment of cisplatin with MDP or bLF enhanced the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin to induce a reduction of the tumor size, proliferative capabilities of tumor cells accompanied by an elevation in the apoptotic profile of tumor cells. Moreover, co- treatments of Cisplatin with bLF or MDP reversed the Cisplatin-induced immune suppression and partially restored splenocyte proliferation, immune organ indices, hematological profile, liver and kidney functions, and histological structure. Conclusion: Both bLF and MDP were able to act as adjuvant therapy with anti-cancer chemotherapy through their abilities to enhance the chemotherapy curative effects, modulate the immune response against tumor cells, and to some extent ameliorate the adverse toxic effects of the chemotherapy.
Cisplatin
Immunohistochemistry
immunosuppression
Lactoferrin
Muramyl dipeptide
2021
03
01
75
94
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_122966_c197fd8458ff523bb8d62ac8547221d2.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Role of serum miR-21 and miR-92a in colorectal cancer diagnosis as novel molecular biomarkers
Ramy
Hassan
Mohamed
Omar
Mahmoud
Shehata
Mohamad
Raafat
Ali
Hamdy
Ali
Zedan
Murad
Jabir
Background: Our study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of detecting plasma microRNAs (miR-21 & miR-92a) for diagnosis of colorectal cancer patients and its relation to tumor staging. Patients and Methods: Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was applied to determine the relative expression level of miR-21 and miR-92a in serum. The sensitivity and specificity of these markers were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Final staging of colorectal cancer cases was assigned according to results of histopathologic examination of surgically resected specimens. Results: This study included 52 cases of colorectal cancer (CRC), 20 cases of precancerous colorectal lesions, and 20 healthy controls. Both Plasma miR-21 and Plasma miR-92a were significantly higher in CRC group compared to both the control group and precancerous group. Also, they were significantly higher in advanced CRC stages than early CRC stages. The sensitivity and specificity of miR-21 for discriminating CRC from controls were found to be 90.38% and 100.0%, respectively. However, for miR-92a, sensitivity and specificity were found to be 94.23% and 100.0%, respectively. For discriminating CRC cases from precancerous lesions, the sensitivity and specificity of miR-21 were found to be 75.08% and 95.0%, respectively. However, for miR-92a, sensitivity and specificity were found to be 80.77% and 100.0%, respectively. Conclusions: both plasma miR-21 and miR-92a have significant value for early detection of CRC as non-invasive screening molecular biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. They also help for differentiation between patients with benign and malignant colorectal lesions and those with early and advanced CRC.
biomarkers
colorectal cancer
microRNAs
miR-21
miR-92a
2021
03
01
95
104
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_158655_ee37d897e8bb260fd087ebd13c624563.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Autovaccination with attenuated inflammatory cells ameliorates imiquimod induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice
Samar
Salman
Mohamed
Salem
Amany
Abdel-Latif
Yasmina
El Attar
Background: Psoriasis is a complex immune-mediated inflammatory disease that occurs in a genetically susceptible individual. Aim: In this study, we aimed to test whether the use of autovaccine containing different attenuated inflammatory cells could ameliorate the inflammatory process in a psoriasis-like skin inflammation model. Materials and methods: After six days of IMQ application, the psoriasis-like skin inflammation was developed. After six days of IMQ application, the psoriasis-like skin inflammation was developed. Results: After seven days of treatment (14 days of IMQ), the mice treated with the autovaccine showed the most significant improvement as reflected by PASI score. Treatment with autovaccine also induced the best significant decrease of the epidermal thickness as compared to the other treatments (P<0.01), where the complete disappearance of prurigo nodularis like skin lesions was observed. Conclusion: Taken our results together, it can be suggested that autovaccination by the attenuated inflammatory cells found in skin lesions of psoriasis-like inflammation can be a therapeutic modality for such kind of inflammatory reaction.
Autovaccination
Psoriasis
Imiqumoid
2021
03
01
105
107
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_158658_31d2514962b4aec64e4d924d33e4307d.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate the damages induced by arsenic trioxide in the testis of rats
Mona
Atia
Background: Arsenic trioxide is an element present everywhere in the environment. Aim: The current investigation planned to explain the remedial impacts of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) of rats against harmful impacts of Arsenic trioxide (As2O3; As III) on the testis of rats. Materials and Methods: Sixty male rats were divided into six groups: Group (1): served as the control without any treatments. Group (2): received a daily oral dose of HCL (0.5 mg/kg b.w). Experimental groups (3 and 4) received a low dose (3mg/kg b.w) of As III and groups (5,6) received a high dose (15 mg/kg b.w) of As III. The rats were sacrificed after 15 days in groups (3,5). Groups (4,6) were injected with (0.6×106) AD-MSCs / 0.5 ml PBS immediately after 15 days of oral doses of As III in low and high dose then sacrificed 7 days after MSCs injection. Results: The results indicated that AD-MSCs decreased the levels of p53 and Bax and increased the level of Bcl2. Additionally, treatment with AD-MSCs rescued the toxicity of low and high doses (L &H) As III induced change in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels. In addition, As III L &H + AD-MSCs administration resulted in the gradual elevation of CD44 mRNA compared to control untreated mice. low and high doses of As III prompted histopathological damages in testis were they mostly turned around by treatment of AD-MSCs. Conclusion: The present results demonstrate that AD-MSCs got from the adipose tissue of rats can be a powerful treatment against harmfulness induced by As III in testis.
Arsenic trioxide
apoptosis
Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Cytokines
testis injury
2021
03
01
109
122
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_114098_9eaab500e8e65a699d35fb0037f734a5.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Indications and outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound in Tanta-Egypt: Initial experience
Heba
Harras
Ferial
El-Kalla
Asem
Elfert
Lobna
Abo Ali
Samah
Soliman
Walaa
Elkhalawany
Yomna
Zamzam
Mohamed
Alnadi
Islam
Esmail
Reham
Elkhouly
Background: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is valuable in the diagnosis and staging of gastrointestinal tumors and some extra-luminal malignancies. Aim: This study aimed to describe the initial experience with EUS and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and the indications and outcomes of patients at the Tanta University Teaching Hospital. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive survey study analyzing 70 EUS cases seen at Tanta University Teaching Hospital from January to December 2019. FNA was performed for 61 patients. A provisional cytopathology diagnosis was made by on-site and the final cytology/histopathology report was given after immunostaining and review of slides. Results: The major indications for EUS were pancreatic, gastric, and ampulla of Vater lesions. EUS revealed pancreatic masses in 27, cysts in 1, and chronic pancreatitis in 1 case. Gastric masses were seen in 13, polyps in 5, and varices in 3 cases. Ampulla of Vater lesions were masses in 5, common bile duct (CBD) distal end stones in 3 cases, and one case proved normal. The final diagnosis of pancreatic lesions was adenocarcinoma in 25, cyst in 1 case, mucoepidermoid tumour in 1 case, neuroendocrine tumour in 1 case and chronic pancreatitis in 1 case. Gastric lesions were gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in 8, and adenocarcinoma in 5 cases, while 3 cases of polyps were hyperplastic, one inflammatory and one tubulovillous adenomatosis. Celiac axis block was done for 6 cases. No major complications were recorded. Conclusion: The major indications for EUS were pancreatic, gastric and ampulla of Vater lesions, while the main outcomes were pancreatic adenocarcinoma, gastric GIST, adenocarcinoma and ampullary adenocarcinoma. .
celiac axis block
Cytopathology
Endoscopic ultrasound
fine needle aspiration
Pancreatic lesions
2021
03
01
123
132
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_116474_35604ae74d398a764e4bf86274018d19.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Lamotrigine and gabapentin ameliorate neurotoxicity induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice
Nageh
El-Mahdy
Fatma
Al-Hosiny
Sally
Abu-Risha
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause for dementia, is an irreversible progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Aim: To investigate the potential protective role of Lamotrigine (LTG) and Gabapentin (GBP) either alone and in combination in Lipopolysaccride-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mice. Materials and Methods: Mice were divided into 5 groups: Normal control group, Lipopolysaccride (LPS) group (animals were injected by single I.P. dose of LPS in a dose of 0.8 mg/kg), LTG group (animals were injected by single I.P. dose of LPS 0.8 mg/kg and received oral LTG 30 mg/kg/day), GBP group (animals were injected by single I.P. dose of LPS 0.8 mg/kg and received oral GBP 200 mg/kg/day) and LTG+GBP group (animals were injected by single I.P. dose of LPS 0.8 mg/kg and received both oral LTG 30 mg/kg/day and GBP 200 mg/kg/day), therapy started 2-h after LPS injection for 7 successive days. Novel object recognition and Y-maze tests were conducted. Brain homogenate used for the estimation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), acetylcholine esterase (AchE) activity, glutamate, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malonyialdehyde (MDA) contents. Results: LPS significantly induced neurobehavioral disturbances compared to normal control with significantly higher MDA, AchE and glutamate contents, with a reduction in SOD and GSH levels. Treatment with either LTG or GBP significantly ameliorated the effects of LPS injection on neurobehavioral tests, oxidative milieu with a significant reduction in AchE activity and glutamate content in favor of LTG. Combined therapy significantly improved both neurobehavioral testing and the estimated biochemical markers. Conclusion: GBP and/or LTG therapy improved neurobehavioral testing in LPS- induced AD in mice by restoring oxidant/antioxidant milieu with a concomitant reduction in AchE activity and glutamate content. Furthermore; the combination of both drugs resulted in significant improvement than either one of them alone that merits further clinical investigation.
Acetylcholine esterase
Alzheimer's disease
Gabapentin
glutamate
lamotrigine
Oxidative Stress
2021
03
01
133
142
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_114307_ef4c13e755073e04200ce67101589931.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
OCT4, Ki-67 and VEGF as Prognostic Factors in Endometrial Carcinoma and Their Role in The Differentiation between Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia and Grade 1 Endometrial Carcinoma: an Immunohistochemical study
Noha
El-Anwar
Alaa
Amer
Background: Endometrial carcinoma develops through preliminary stages of endometrial hyperplasia. A population of epithelial stem cells was identified in the human endometrium, these cells may serve as a source of putative endometrial carcinoma. The most important member of cancer stem cell markers is OCT-4. Both tumor cell proliferation (Ki-67) and angiogenesis seem to be important for the development of aggressive tumors. Aim of the Work: This study aimed to evaluate the expression of OCT4, Ki-67 and VEGF in endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma and to differentiate between grade 1 endometrial carcinoma and atypical endometrial hyperplasia. Materials and Methods: 60 cases of endometrial hyperplasia and 60 cases of endometrial carcinoma were stained by OCT4, Ki-67and VEGF immunohistochemical markers. Results: OCT-4 expression was significantly increased with advanced tumor grade and stage (P value = 0.001, 0.044) respectively. There was also significant association between Ki-67 expression and advanced tumor grade and stage (P value = 0.0016, 0.049) respectively. VEGF expression was significantly increased with advanced tumor grade and stage (P value = 0.001) for both. As regards the correlation of immunohistochemical results between atypical endometrial hyperplasia versus grade 1 endometrial carcinoma cases, Ki-67 was the marker with significant relation. Conclusion: OCT-4, Ki-67 and VEGF expressions showed a positive correlation with tumor aggressive pathological parameters. The Ki-67 labelling index can be used in differentiation between endometrial hyperplasia with atypia and grade 1 endometrial carcinoma.
Endometrial
carcinoma
Hyperplasia
Ki-67
OCT4
VEGF
2021
03
01
143
154
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_158662_ebfcc54634c6309fae82968e16e51cf9.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
In vivo and in vitro antitumor effects of Helix desertorum hemolymph by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
Mai
Ziada
Mohamed
Mona
Mohamed
Basyony
Mohamed
Salem
Background: Natural products, those extracted from invertebrate animals have medical importance as therapeutic agents especially for cancer treatment. Aim of the Work: The current study was conducted to evaluate the antitumor effect of the hemolymph of the desert snail, Helix desertorum (HD-H) on tumor Ehrlich ascetic carcinoma cells (EAC) cell line in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: Helix desertorum (HD-H) was collected from their suitable habitats, identified, and then their hemolymph was collected, to evaluate their antitumor effect. 40 female albino mice were divided into five groups (n=8) as the following: group 1 (Gp1) control mice were inoculated intraperitoneal (i.p) with 1x106 EAC cells/mouseat day 0, Gp2 (EAC/Cis): Mice were injected with EAC-cells as in Gp1 and at day 2 were injected with cisplatin (40 mg/Kg), Gp3 was inoculated with EAC and then treated with splenocytes activated with HD-H, Gp4was inoculated with EAC and then treated with splenocytes activated with IL-2/Con A, and Gp5 was inoculated with EAC and then treated with splenocytes without activation. All groups were sacrificed to evaluate the tumor profile, hematological and biochemical. Results: The results showed that treatment with HD-H led to decrease tumor volume, their cell counts, increase the percentage of the apoptotic cells and arresting the cancer cell cycle. Moreover, treatment with HD-H improved the hematological and biochemical parameters on tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion: In conclusion, HD-H has potential in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects against EAC-cells. Further study is recommended to evaluate the potential efficacy of HD-H as a potential anticancer
Anticancer
apoptosis
Cell cycle
Helix desertorum (HD-H)
Hemolymph
2021
03
01
155
164
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_158660_00b5d8e22dd62c23a4932e54019a45b7.pdf
International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
2682-261X
2682-261X
2021
5
1
Factors Affecting Shared Decision-Making in Breast Cancer Surgeries: Egyptian Perspective
Khaled
Abdelwahab
Nashwa
Ibrahim
Omar
Hamdy
Ahmed
Abdallah
Amir
Zaid
Mosab
Shetiwy
Background: Shared decision-making in breast cancer surgeries constitutes interplay between clinicians, patients and family members. More involvement in the decision-making process is associated with high patient satisfaction and better treatment outcomes. Aim: The present study aims to develop the first Arabic questionnaire assessing factors affecting patients’ involvement in the decision- making of breast cancer surgeries. Methods: A total number of 183 female diagnosed with breast cancer were recruited to participate in the current study. Results: The results revealed that the majority of the current sample were informed about treatment and surgical options available for them. Almost 60% of women in the current study reported that being married would affect their decision-making process. More than half of the sample reported that their husband opinion matters when it comes to surgical decision making. If breast reconstruction was an available option for women, approximately 57.9% of them would not prefer it. Nearly three quarters of surgeon participants in the current study reported the need for decisional aids to facilitate engagement of the patients in the decision-making process. additionally, 66.7% of surgeons reported that patients’ comorbidity profile affects engaging them in surgical decision-making. Conclusion: We could conclude that marital status, patients’ comorbidity profile, partners’ opinion, and the cost of the surgical intervention, age, the social status of the patient, and stage of illness are among the factors that affect shared decision-making.
breast cancer surgeries
Decisional Aids
Shared Decision-Making
Patients’ Engagement
2021
03
01
165
170
https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_160506_6ad64439ae690662377f80489f733df3.pdf