The Egyptian Association for Cancer Research (EACR)International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research2682-261X6220220601Gene-behavior theory: Behavior from nil to tangible glycosylation-implications for cancer prognosis and treatment strategies1625312310.21608/jcbr.2022.98310.1234ENSeifMohamedIndependant researcher0000-0001-5293-6642Journal Article20211121Increased disease susceptibility in some communities is problematic for health planners and providers. The previous gene-behavior theory outlined a causal relationship between behavior and disease susceptibility in non-coding satellite DNA. While this theoretical viewpoint requires further thought to know more about this relationship; it does provide a platform for further rigorous research. In this review, glycosylation was reviewed from a new perspective, thus we focused and tracked its association with satellite DNA and cancer susceptibility using sequential reasoning. Our model suggests glycosylation is a major tangible action of satellite DNA alterations caused by behaviors. Our model also suggests glycosylation is influenced by genetic anticipation. In addition, glycosylation patterns may function as behavioral biomarkers for the social sciences, community-targeted approaches, and early prognostic tools for behavioral-related pathogenesis. These notions open up new avenues for behavioral immunogenetics and behavioral epidemiology areas. Therefore, more in-depth and improved treatment strategies are required,especially for cancer. https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_253123_0008310e720eb2bbfacbb217fd149e1b.pdfThe Egyptian Association for Cancer Research (EACR)International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research2682-261X6220220601Indomethacin Suppresses Cisplatin-Resistant Murine Breast Cancer Through Modulating MicroRNAs Expression and Stimulating Antitumor Immunity72125311410.21608/jcbr.2022.20667.1006ENNageh AhmedElmahdyPharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptNorhanMobarkPharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptMagdaElsayadPharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptMohamed LabibSalemProfessor of Immunology
Immunology & Biotechnology Division
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt0000-0001-9454-6327Journal Article20191207Cancer resistance to chemotherapy is a clinical dilemma that eventually leads to increased mortality. It is widely accepted that cancer stem cells (CSCs) have a pivotal role in the development of resistance. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have shown a promise to combat CSCs, thus, we addressed for the first time the effect of indomethacin on cisplatin (CDDP)-resistant murine breast cancer along with the relevant mechanisms. The murine mammary adenocarcinoma, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells, were made resistant by exposure to CDDP and the surviving cells were then analyzed by flow cytometry for the breast CSCs markers (CD44+CD24-). CDDP heavily enriched the CSCs population which was subsequently injected into mice. After tumors development, mice were treated with CDDP, or indomethacin, or co-treated with both drugs, or left untreated. Upon termination of the treatment period, blood samples were collected to measure the percentage of SCa-1,CD4+, CD62L+, and CD117+. The tumors were excised and analyzed for the relative expression of drug resistance-mediating miRNAs (miR-7, miR-21, miR-22, and miR-145) in addition to histopathological examination. Indomethacin drastically diminished the tumorigenicity of CDDP-resistant cells along with enhancing its sensitivity to CDDP which were correlated with its manipulating effect on miRNAs expression. Besides, indomethacin expanded the pool of immune cells that impart antitumor response. Indomethacin through targeting CSCs may confer better outcome than conventional chemotherapeutics in the treatment of resistant breast cancer.https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_253114_a2ba616ce44db329b22fe03daccf2335.pdfThe Egyptian Association for Cancer Research (EACR)International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research2682-261X6220220601Ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) enhances the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin against human breast cancer cells in vitro232925312210.21608/jcbr.2022.96763.1233ENSabry A.El-NaggarZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 3111, Egypt0000-0002-7018-9350YousryEl-BolkinyDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt0000-0003-4001-6034Fatheya MakboulIbrahimZoology, Faculty of Science,Suez canal University0000-0002-3194-5854Journal Article20210919<strong><span lang="EN-US">Background:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> Ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid</span><span lang="EN-US"> (EDTA) is used in several biomedical applications. <strong>Aim</strong>: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EDTA treatment on anticancer efficacy of cisplatin (Cis) against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells <em>in vitro</em>. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong>MCF-7 cells were treated either with Cis, EDTA, or their combination for 24h <em>in vitro</em>. The percentages (%) of the inhibitory, and the median inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) of EDTA were determined by MTT assay. The % of Cis and EDTA on early and late apoptosis, necrosis, and cell cycle of MCF-7 were assessed by flow cytometry. <strong>Results:</strong> Our data showed slight antitumor effects for EDTA <em>in vitro</em>. However, Cis/EDTA treatment increased the antitumor efficacy</span><strong><span lang="EN-US"> of Cis </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">as evidenced by increasing IC<sub>50</sub>, and the percentage of</span><span lang="EN-US"> MCF-7 mortality</span><span lang="EN-US">. Cis/EDTA </span><span lang="EN-US">co-treatment also </span><span lang="EN-US">increased the </span><span lang="EN-US">% </span><span lang="EN-US">of apoptotic and necrotic MCF-7 cells post 24 h of treatment (26.57 and 16.28%, respectively). Furthermore, this co-treatment arrested MCF-7 cell cycle at G<sub>0</sub> phase (32.8%) and G<sub>2</sub>/M phase (30.25%). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Co-treatment of EDTA with Cis increased the anticancer efficacy of Cis.</span>https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_253122_ec227e62e415431f47f12f41dfe53ea6.pdfThe Egyptian Association for Cancer Research (EACR)International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research2682-261X6220220601Predicting causes of death among vulvar cancer patients; SEER database analysis314025312410.21608/jcbr.2022.115165.1242ENMohamed TarekHafezONCOLOGY CENTER MANSOURA UNIVERSITY0000-0002-7193-9539GehadTawfikMansoura University Faculty of MedicineReemYousefMansoura University Faculty of MedicineSarah AntarAntarMansoura University Faculty of MedicineAhmedNazzalMansoura University Faculty of MedicineMonaHoshMansoura University Faculty of MedicineMahmoudWardaMansoura University Faculty of MedicineRichardLeuCosmic Lens Consulting, LLC, USABaselRefkyOncology Center Mansoura UniversityJournal Article20220107<strong>Background:</strong> This study aims to identify causes of death among vulvar cancer patients diagnosed in the period between 2004 and 2013, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results (SEER) Program. <strong>Patients</strong> <strong>Methods:</strong> Data of 3769 Women with vulvar cancer, aged 40 years or more were extracted. Causes of death were categorized into vulvar cancer death, other cancer death, and other causes of death. The statistical analysis was performed using R (Version 3.4.0) utilizing the survival package (Version 2.41-3) and competing for the risk package. <strong>Results:</strong> At the end of the follow-up period, 2520 patients (66.9%) were alive while 1249 patients (33.14%) were dead. Of the 1249 deaths, 632 (50.6%) were attributed to vulvar cancer, 184 (14.7%) to other cancers, and 433 (34.66%) to other causes of death. Cardiovascular diseases and other gynecological cancers were the most common causes of death after vulvar cancer representing 16.65% and 5.28% of all deaths respectively. Advanced disease stage and more than three positive lymph nodes were associated with an increased risk of death due to other cancers. Simple and total surgeries were associated with lower risk. Non-cancer-related deaths were higher in unmarried women or in those who underwent surgical treatment. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Non-cancer causes in addition to cancers other than vulvar cancer account for half of all deaths that occurred among patients diagnosed with vulvar cancer. Cardiovascular diseases and other gynecologic cancers are the most significant causes of death after vulvar cancer. https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_253124_642cd6b11e79677c8ccfeb7a12161127.pdfThe Egyptian Association for Cancer Research (EACR)International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research2682-261X6220220601Significance of CD200 expression in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and its correlation with other prognostic markers415425312710.21608/jcbr.2022.118363.1247ENAhmed MagdyRabeaMedical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University0000-0001-9060-6492HalaFarawelaClinical and Chemical Pathology department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityRaniaSolimanClinical and Chemical Pathology department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityNaglaaHassanCairo University,Cairo, EgyptReemNabilClinical pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo UniversityMohamedFouadClinical pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo UniversityJournal Article20220126<strong>Background </strong><strong>and Objectives</strong>: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) known as cancer of blood and bone marrow is regarded as the commonest acute leukemia in adult patients. characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells with arrest of maturation and disruption of normal hematopoiesis. CD200 is a protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, it has an immunosuppressant effect by interacting with its receptor (CD200R). <strong>Aim: </strong>The main aim of this study is to investigate the expression of CD200 on leukemic myeloid cells. Various molecular prognostic markers and other clinical and laboratory findings were studied in relation to CD200 expression. <strong>Patients and</strong> <strong>Methods</strong>: The present study was conducted on newly diagnosed AML patients attending the adult Hematology/Oncology Clinic of the National Cancer Institute. The expression of CD200 was determined by flow cytometry using anti-CD200 monoclonal antibodies. CD200 expression considered positive if ≥20% and negative if <20%. <strong>Results</strong>: CD200 positive expression was found in 62/104 (59.5%) patients, CD200 was more expressed in CD34 positive cases (P= 0.012) and cases with gum hyperplasia (P= 0.046). FLT3/ITD mutation and NPM mutation were less detected in AML patients with positive CD200 (p=0.045 and p= 0.036 respectively). We found a statistically significant relation between inv16 and CD200 positive expression (p=0.005). <strong>Conclusion</strong>: CD200 could be used as a biological biomarker in AML pathophysiology, and could be incorporated in the initial diagnostic workup in patients treated within clinical trials for the discovery of new therapy which target malignant leukemic cells without harming other cells in AML. https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_253127_c67bb171e26a96d8835f47337494227f.pdfThe Egyptian Association for Cancer Research (EACR)International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research2682-261X6220220601RRBP1 Expression in wild and mutated p53 immunophenotype endometrioid endometrial carcinoma: Relation to ER-α and clinicopathologic factors556625312510.21608/jcbr.2022.124769.1254ENMarwaAliPathology, faculty of medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt0000-0001-5953-9105ShaimaaBebarsPathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, EgyptJournal Article20220301<strong>Background</strong>: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecologic tumor in the developed world and ranks second in Egypt. Ribosome-binding protein 1 (RRBP1) is a membrane protein of rough endoplasmic reticulum essential for stabilization of endoplasmic reticulum. Overexpression of RRBP1 was detected in several malignant tumors. p53 is a tumor suppressor transcription factor encoded by TP53. The mutation of TP53 is considered the most common significant molecular alteration in half of human cancers. <strong>Aim</strong>: This study aimed to explore the immunohistochemical expression of RRBP1 in wild and mutated p53 immunophenotype endometrioid EC in relation to estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) status and clinicopathological factors. <strong>Materials and</strong> <strong>Methods:</strong> Fifty-six endometrioid EC paraffin blocks were collected. Sections were stained with anti-RRBP1, anti-p53, and anti-ER-α antibodies. <strong>Results:</strong> RRBP1 overexpression was<strong> </strong>significantly related to high tumor grade, presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), advanced TNM staging, and negative ER-α. Mutated-type p53 expression was associated with high grade, LVI, advanced TNM staging, and negative ER-α. A Significant difference in p53 expression patterns was detected in relation to clinicopathological prognostic factors. Studied tumors with positive ER-α nuclear expression significantly showed wild-type p53 expression patterns more frequently compared to EEC with negative ER-α expression. Furthermore, a positive correlation was detected between RRBP1 overexpression and mutated-type p53. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: RRBP1 is considered a bad prognostic indicator in EEC and together with mutated p53 expression could be beneficial as a potential therapeutic target for EC. https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_253125_491236ad063b6fdc46137e518d3c5c93.pdfThe Egyptian Association for Cancer Research (EACR)International Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research2682-261X6220220601The validity of giving adjuvant capecitabine after standard anthracycline and/or taxanes based neo-/adjuvant chemotherapy in early triple-negative breast cancer patients: An Egyptian prospective multicentric phase III trial677725312610.21608/jcbr.2022.125666.1255ENLobna A.AbdelazizClinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department,Zagazig University,Zagazig ,Egypt0000-0001-6082-2856Ahmed MubarakHefniMedical Oncology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, AssiutAlia M.AttiaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Egypt,LoayGertallaSurgery Department, Faculty of medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.MarwaAbdelgawadAssociate Professor of clinical Oncology Department,Assiut University0000-0002-0919-2489Journal Article20220306<strong>Background</strong>: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered an aggressive breast cancer subtype despite giving standard therapies, these patients have high metastatic and relapse rates in addition to short survival. Therefore, we conducted this trial to study the validity of giving adjuvant Capecitabine, after receiving standard neoadjuvant /adjuvant chemotherapy in operable TNBC patients. The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS) and secondary end points were overall survival (OS) and safety profile. <strong>Material and </strong><strong>M</strong><strong>ethods</strong>: The 89 eligible patients were randomly assigned into two groups (A “Capecitabine arm” and B “observation arm”) after receiving neo/adjuvant anthracycline and/or taxanes-containing chemotherapy. <strong>Results</strong>: 78.7% were invasive duct carcinoma (IDC), and a median age was 48 years. 50.6% were node positive patients. 79.5% received adjuvant anthracyclines and taxanes chemotherapy protocol for group A and (75.6%) for group B. (56.2%) underwent breast-conservative surgery. regarding 4-year disease free survival (DFS), there was statistically significant difference between both groups (P = 0.032) and 4-y overall survival (OS) (P = 0.050)) with an acceptable toxicity profile in the Capecitabine arm. <strong>Conclusions</strong>: Our study showed statistically significant increase in DFS and OS after giving adjuvant Capecitabine to standard Neo-/Adjuvant chemotherapy in early TNBC patients with acceptable toxicity of Capecitabine arm. However, a larger study with more number of patients is recommended to give more statistical powered results.https://jcbr.journals.ekb.eg/article_253126_e9d04975910274458f197ac6fbcb3f4a.pdf